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15th-century manuscript of 'Le livre des meurs du gouvernement des seignieurs', a translation of the pseudo-Aristotelian 'Secretum secretorum'.

 Item
Identifier: Adv.MS.18.7.4

Scope and Contents

Manuscript produced in England containing a translation into French of the the Pseudo-Aristotelian 'Secretum Secretorum', or 'Secret of Secrets'.

The Secret of Secrets is a translation of the Arabic 'Kitab sirr al-asrar', ostensibly a letter to Alexander the Great from Aristotle. The work is intended as a didactic piece in the 'Mirror for Princes' tradition and covers a range of topics including statecraft, alchemy, magic, astronomy, and ethics.

The manuscript is the work of one scribe and is written in a bastarda bookhand.

The manuscript was produced in the 15th century and was written and illuminated for an heir to the English throne. Mofrin suggests that this particular manuscript may have possibly been produced for Edward Westminster, Prince of Wales (1453-1471), son of King Henry VI. An illumination on folio 1r shows a 15th-century crowned figure receiving the manuscript. The initial C bears the arms of France and England surmounted by as a label of 3 points. The illumination and initial are surrounded by a full border with leaves and sprays of gold.

Folio i is a later sheet which has been tipped in at the front of the manuscript, probably circa 1548, with a decorated inscription to Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset. The background is blue with writing in gold, surrounded by a full floral border in green, blue and red.

The rest of the manuscript is decorated with initials in gold, red, or blue, with red and blue penwork extending into the margins. Rubrics are given in red.

There are very occasional marginal annotations, by two different hands, possibily of the 16th century, in English and French.

Each folio has been lined and ruled recto and verso in red.

Horizontal catchwords are present on folios 11v and 28v.

Quire signatures in the form of letters and Roman numerals are occasionally visbile in the lower right-hand corner of the recto sides.

There is evidence of contemporary repairs to the vellum on a few folios.

Dates

  • Creation: 15th century.

Creator

Language of Materials

The manuscript is written in Middle French, with a mid-16th-century dedication in English on the verso of folio i and occasional marginal annotations in English.

Conditions Governing Access

Normal access conditions apply.

Conditions Governing Use

Normal reproduction conditions apply, subject to any copyright restrictions.

Extent

1 Volumes ; 21.2cm x 14.5cm x 3cm

Arrangement

i + 43 + ii folios.

The foliation is inclusive of a duplicate foliation, since refoliated as 9 and 9a, respectively.

Collation: 1¹ (tipped in), 2⁴, 3⁸, 4⁷ (wanting a leaf), 5², 6⁸, 7¹?, 8⁶, 9⁸

Custodial History

The manuscript has a tipped-in leaf at the front with a dedication to Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset. It is unclear if the manuscript was ever in his possession.

The volume was owned by Sir James Balfour of Denmilne. Balfour's ownership inscription is found on the recto of folio i, dated 1630. The Denmilne number, 51, is present on the pastedown of the front board. Balfour's device is found on folio 42v.

The manuscript was bought by the Library of the Faculty of Advocates at the sale of Balfour's goods in 1698. There is an ownership inscriptions for the Library on the recto of folio i.

The previous shelfmark assigned to the manuscript by the Library of the Faculty of Advocates is present on the pastedown of the front board and the recto of folio i, 'A.5.31', since superseded.

Immediate Source of Acquisition

Presented, 1925, by the Faculty of Advocates to the nation on the foundation of the National Library of Scotland.

Bibliography

Cunningham, I. C. 'Sir James Balfour's Manuscript Collection: The 1698 Catalogue and other sources', in 'Edinburgh Bibliographical Society Transactions', Volume VI, Part 6 (2004), pages 191-255.

'Folio Catalogue of Manuscripts: Miscellaneous Manuscripts' (Unpublished manuscript, Edinburgh [after 1837]), folio 139. NLS Reference: FR.195.

Meyer, P. M. 'Documents Manuscrits de L'Ancienne Littérature de la France conservés dans les Bibliothèques de la Grande-Bretagne (Paris, 1871), page 106.

Monfrin, J. 'La Place du "Secret des secrets" dans la littérature française médiévale', in W. F. Ryan and C. B. Schmitt (eds.) 'Pseudo-Aristotle the "Secret of Secrets": Sources and Influences', Warburg Institute Surveys IX (London, 1982), pages 73-113.

'Summary Catalogue of the Advocates' Manuscripts' (Edinburgh, 1971), page 102, number 1300; page 119, number 1566.

Physical Description

Vellum.

The binding is probably of the 16th century and is of smooth brown leather covering cardboard. The front and back boards have extensive gold-tooled designs of crowns and floral patterns, but these have been worn away in places. In private correspondence with the National Library of Scotland Elizabeth Dunbury has suggested that the binding is possibly a Tudor royal binding. There are two green silk ties, still intact. The three edges of the leaves are gilt. The volume has been rebacked. The new modern back has raised bands.

Title
National Library of Scotland Catalogue of Manuscripts
Author
National Library of Scotland Archives and Manuscripts Division
Description rules
International Standard for Archival Description - General
Language of description
English
Script of description
Latin

Repository Details

Part of the National Library of Scotland Archives and Manuscripts Division Repository

Contact:
Archives and Manuscript Division
National Library of Scotland
George IV Bridge
Edinburgh EH1 1EJ
0131 623 3700